Charge Controller

A charge controller is a device that regulates the voltage and current coming from a solar panel to prevent overcharging of a battery. It ensures that the battery receives the optimal amount of power while protecting it from excessive charging or deep discharging, which can shorten its lifespan. There are two main types: PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) and MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking), with MPPT being more efficient. Charge controllers also help manage power distribution to connected loads, ensuring a stable energy supply. They are essential components in off-grid and hybrid solar power systems.